{"id":68629,"date":"2023-09-06T18:01:21","date_gmt":"2023-09-06T10:01:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/?p=68629"},"modified":"2023-09-12T17:12:02","modified_gmt":"2023-09-12T09:12:02","slug":"linux-command-mtr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/linux-command-mtr\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Use the ‘mtr’ Command in Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"

The mtr<\/code> command, short for \u201cMy Traceroute,\u201d is a powerful network diagnostic tool that combines the functionality of both the traceroute<\/code> and ping<\/code> commands. By sending packets to a specified destination, it provides insights into the network path and helps identify potential bottlenecks or failures. Similar to tools like traceroute<\/code>, ping<\/a><\/code>, and pathping<\/code>, the mtr<\/code> command offers a more comprehensive view of the network\u2019s performance.<\/p>\n

System administrators and network engineers find the mtr<\/code> command handy for troubleshooting network issues. Whether you\u2019re monitoring the stability of a connection or diagnosing a complex network problem, the mtr<\/code> command can be used alongside commands like ifconfig<\/code> or netstat<\/code> to provide a detailed analysis.<\/p>\n

How to Install the mtr<\/code> Command<\/h2>\n

You may need to install the mtr<\/code> package if it\u2019s not already included in your Linux distribution. Here\u2019s how you can install and uninstall it on some common distributions:<\/p>\n

For Debian-based systems (like Ubuntu):<\/strong><\/p>\n

To install mtr<\/code> you can use the following command:<\/p>\n

sudo apt-get update\r\nsudo apt-get install mtr<\/pre>\n
To uninstall mtr<\/code> later, you can use:<\/p>\n
sudo apt-get remove --purge mtr<\/pre>\n
For Red Hat-based systems (like Fedora):<\/strong><\/p>\n
To install mtr<\/code> you can use:<\/p>\n
sudo dnf install mtr<\/pre>\n
To uninstall mtr<\/code> later, you can use:<\/p>\n
sudo dnf remove mtr<\/pre>\n
For Arch-based systems:<\/strong><\/p>\n
To install mtr<\/code> you can use:<\/p>\n
sudo pacman -S mtr<\/pre>\n
To uninstall mtr<\/code> later, you can use:<\/p>\n
sudo pacman -R mtr<\/pre>\n
How to Use mtr<\/code><\/h2>\n
1. Basic Usage<\/h3>\n
Syntax:<\/strong> mtr <hostname><\/code><\/p>\n
Explanation<\/strong>: Traces the route to a given hostname or IP address.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong> mtr example.com<\/code><\/p>\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
\r\nHost              Loss%   Snt   Last   Avg  Best  Wrst StDev\r\n1. router.local    0.0%    10    1.2   1.3   1.1   1.5   0.1\r\n2. isp-gateway     0.0%    10    2.3   2.4   2.2   2.6   0.1\r\n3. example.com     0.0%    10   10.5  10.6  10.4  10.8   0.1\r\n<\/pre>\n
This output shows the route to example.com<\/code>, with three hops. It provides details on packet loss, number of sent packets, and latency statistics for each hop.<\/p>\n
\n
2. Using ICMP Instead of UDP<\/h3>\n
Syntax:<\/strong> mtr --icmp <hostname><\/code><\/p>\n
Explanation<\/strong>: Traces the route using ICMP ECHO<\/code> instead of UDP<\/code> datagrams.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong> mtr --icmp example.com<\/code><\/p>\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
\r\nHost              Loss%   Snt   Last   Avg  Best  Wrst StDev\r\n1. router.local    0.0%    10    1.1   1.2   1.0   1.3   0.1\r\n2. isp-gateway     0.0%    10    2.2   2.3   2.1   2.5   0.1\r\n3. example.com     0.0%    10   10.4  10.5  10.3  10.6   0.1\r\n<\/pre>\n
This command uses ICMP ECHO<\/code> for tracing, which might provide different results compared to the default UDP<\/code>, especially if certain firewalls or filters are in place.<\/p>\n
\n
3. Showing the AS (Autonomous System) Number<\/h3>\n
Syntax:<\/strong> mtr --aslookup <hostname><\/code><\/p>\n
Explanation<\/strong>: Traces the route and displays the ASN<\/code> (AS number) for each hop.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong> mtr --aslookup example.com<\/code><\/p>\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
\r\nHost              Loss%   Snt   Last   Avg  Best  Wrst StDev ASN\r\n1. router.local    0.0%    10    1.2   1.3   1.1   1.5   0.1 AS12345\r\n2. isp-gateway     0.0%    10    2.3   2.4   2.2   2.6   0.1 AS12345\r\n3. example.com     0.0%    10   10.5  10.6  10.4  10.8   0.1 AS67890\r\n<\/pre>\n
This output includes the Autonomous System (AS) number for each hop, which can provide insights into the ownership and control of the network infrastructure along the path to the target.<\/p>\n
\n
4. Using TCP Instead of UDP<\/h3>\n
Syntax:<\/strong> mtr --tcp <hostname><\/code><\/p>\n
Explanation<\/strong>: Traces the route using TCP SYN<\/code> packets instead of UDP.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong> mtr --tcp example.com<\/code><\/p>\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
\r\nHost              Loss%   Snt   Last   Avg  Best  Wrst StDev\r\n1. router.local    0.0%    10    1.4   1.5   1.3   1.6   0.1\r\n2. isp-gateway     0.0%    10    2.5   2.6   2.4   2.7   0.1\r\n3. example.com     0.0%    10   10.7  10.8  10.5  11.0   0.1\r\n<\/pre>\n
This command uses TCP SYN<\/code> packets for tracing, which can be useful if UDP<\/code> is being filtered or blocked along the route.<\/p>\n
\n
5. Specifying the Number of Pings<\/h3>\n
Syntax:<\/strong> mtr -c <count> <hostname><\/code><\/p>\n
Explanation<\/strong>: Sends a specified number of pings to each hop.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong> mtr -c 5 example.com<\/code><\/p>\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
\r\nHost              Loss%   Snt   Last   Avg  Best  Wrst StDev\r\n1. router.local    0.0%     5    1.2   1.3   1.1   1.5   0.1\r\n2. isp-gateway     0.0%     5    2.3   2.4   2.2   2.6   0.1\r\n3. example.com     0.0%     5   10.5  10.6  10.4  10.8   0.1\r\n<\/pre>\n
This command sends only 5 pings to each hop, allowing for a quicker analysis of the route.<\/p>\n
\n
6. Displaying the Report at the End<\/h3>\n
Syntax:<\/strong> mtr --report <hostname><\/code><\/p>\n
Explanation<\/strong>: Runs mtr<\/code> in report mode, which sends a sequence of pings to each hop and then displays a report at the end.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong> mtr --report example.com<\/code><\/p>\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
\r\nHOST: localhost              Loss%   Snt   Last   Avg  Best  Wrst StDev\r\n  1. router.local            0.0%    10    1.2   1.3   1.1   1.5   0.1\r\n  2. isp-gateway             0.0%    10    2.3   2.4   2.2   2.6   0.1\r\n  3. example.com             0.0%    10   10.5  10.6  10.4  10.8   0.1\r\n<\/pre>\n
This command is useful for generating a single report at the end of the test, rather than continuously updating the display. It\u2019s often used for logging or scripting purposes.<\/p>\n
\n
More Linux commands:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Directory Operations<\/td>\nrmdir<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 cd<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 pwd<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 exa<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 ls<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
File Operations<\/td>\ncat<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 cp<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 dd<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 less<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 touch<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 ln<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 rename<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 more<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 head<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
File System Operations<\/td>\nchown<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 mkfs<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 locate<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Networking<\/td>\nping<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 curl<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 wget<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 iptables<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 mtr<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Search and Text Processing<\/td>\nfind<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 grep<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 sed<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 whatis<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 ripgrep<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 fd<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 tldr<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
System Information and Management<\/td>\nenv<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 history<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 top<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 who<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 htop<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 glances<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 lsof<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
User and Session Management<\/td>\nscreen<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 su<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 sudo<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 open<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Learn how to troubleshoot network issues like a pro with Linux’s mtr command.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3397],"tags":[888,3316],"topic":[],"class_list":["entry-content","is-maxi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHow to Use the 'mtr' Command in Linux - Hongkiat<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to troubleshoot network issues like a pro with Linux's mtr command.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/linux-command-mtr\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Use the 'mtr' Command in Linux\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Learn how to troubleshoot network issues like a pro with Linux's mtr command.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/linux-command-mtr\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Hongkiat\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/hongkiatcom\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-09-06T10:01:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-09-12T09:12:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Hongkiat.com\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@hongkiat\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@hongkiat\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Hongkiat.com\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/linux-command-mtr\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/linux-command-mtr\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Hongkiat.com\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/7cc686597d92f9086729e4bcc1577ba3\"},\"headline\":\"How to Use the ‘mtr’ Command in Linux\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-09-06T10:01:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-09-12T09:12:02+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/linux-command-mtr\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":458,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Linux\",\"Linux Commands\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Desktop\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/linux-command-mtr\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/linux-command-mtr\\\/\",\"name\":\"How to Use the 'mtr' Command in Linux - 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