{"id":59110,"date":"2023-08-16T15:01:38","date_gmt":"2023-08-16T07:01:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/?p=59110"},"modified":"2023-08-24T17:09:14","modified_gmt":"2023-08-24T09:09:14","slug":"linux-command-rm-rmdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/linux-command-rm-rmdir\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Delete Files and Folers in Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"

To delete a file, files, or a folder in Linux, the Linux command to use is either rm<\/code> or rmdir<\/code>. The rm command stands for \u201cremove\u201d and is used to delete files and directories. By using various options, you can remove files, directories, and even the contents of directories. For example, rm filename<\/code> will delete a file, while rm -r directoryname<\/code> will delete a directory and all its contents.<\/p>\n

The rmdir<\/code> command stands for \u201cremove directory\u201d and is specifically used to delete empty directories. If a directory contains any files or subdirectories, the rmdir<\/code> command will not remove it, and an error message will be displayed. In contrast, the rm<\/code> command with the -r<\/code> option can delete non-empty directories. Essentially, rm<\/code> is more versatile, while rmdir<\/code> is more specialized for removing empty directories.<\/p>\n

In this post, we look at different ways to use rm<\/code> and rmdir<\/code>.<\/p>\n

How to use rm<\/code><\/h2>\n

1. Delete a file<\/h3>\n
rm [file]<\/pre>\n
The rm<\/code> command removes a single file. To do this, type rm<\/code> followed by the name of the file you want to delete.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
The following command  is used to remove a specific file named example.txt<\/code> located within a directory named myfolder<\/code>.<\/p>\n
rm myfolder\/example.txt<\/pre>\n
Here\u2019s an example of how it works:<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. Suppose you have a directory named myfolder<\/code> and inside that directory, there\u2019s a file named example.txt<\/code>.<\/li>\n
  2. You run the command rm myfolder\/example.txt<\/code>.<\/li>\n
  3. The file example.txt<\/code> inside myfolder<\/code> will be deleted, and there will be no output message displayed in the terminal by default.<\/li>\n
  4. If you try to access the file example.txt<\/code> again, you\u2019ll get an error message like No such file or directory<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    Before running the command, if you had:<\/p>\n
    myfolder\/\r\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 example.txt<\/pre>\n
    After running the command, the structure would be:<\/p>\n
    myfolder\/<\/pre>\n
    \n
    2. Remove files without confirmation<\/h3>\n
    rm -f [file]<\/pre>\n
    This option allows users to remove write-protected files without confirmation.<\/p>\n
    Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Suppose you have a file named file1.txt<\/code> in your current directory, and you want to delete it. You can run the following command:<\/p>\n
    rm -f file1.txt\r\n<\/pre>\n
    Since the -f<\/code> option is used, there will be no confirmation prompt, and the file will be deleted immediately. There will be no output displayed in the terminal if the operation is successful. If you try to view the contents of the directory afterward, you will find that file1.txt<\/code> is no longer there.<\/p>\n
    \n
    3. Delete multiple files<\/h3>\n
    rm [file1] [file2] [file3]<\/pre>\n
    Use the rm<\/code> command with filenames as arguments to remove multiple files at once.<\/p>\n
    Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Before running the command, let\u2019s say you have the following files in your directory:<\/p>\n
    file1.txt\r\nfile2.txt\r\nfile3.txt\r\notherfile.txt\r\n<\/pre>\n
    You run the command rm file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt<\/code>.<\/p>\n
    After running the command, the files file1.txt<\/code>, file2.txt<\/code>, and file3.txt<\/code> are deleted, and your directory now looks like this:<\/p>\n
    otherfile.txt\r\n<\/pre>\n
    \n
    4. Display output message<\/h3>\n
    rm -v [filename]<\/pre>\n
    The -v<\/code> (verbose) option allows you to get information about what is being removed.<\/p>\n
    Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
    When you execute the command rm -v example.txt<\/code>, here\u2019s the output you will get:<\/p>\n
    removed 'example.txt'\r\n<\/pre>\n
    In this example, the file example.txt<\/code> is deleted, and the system prints a message confirming that the file has been removed. If the file does not exist, an error message like rm: cannot remove 'example.txt': No such file or directory<\/code> would be displayed instead.<\/p>\n
    \n
    5. Prompt for confirmation before deleting a file<\/h3>\n
    rm -i [filename]<\/pre>\n
    This option is used to request confirmation before deleting a file. Typing y<\/code> (yes) confirms, typing n<\/code> (no) stops.<\/p>\n
    Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Let\u2019s say you have a file named example.txt<\/code> and you run the command:<\/p>\n
    rm -i example.txt<\/pre>\n
    The system will prompt you with a message like:<\/p>\n
    remove regular file 'example.txt'? <\/pre>\n
    You\u2019ll then need to type y<\/code> (for yes) or n<\/code> (for no) to confirm or deny the deletion. If you type y<\/code> and press Enter, the file example.txt<\/code> will be deleted. If you type n<\/code>, the file will remain untouched.<\/p>\n
    remove regular file 'example.txt'? y<\/pre>\n
    After this, example.txt<\/code> will be deleted if you confirmed with y<\/code>.<\/p>\n
    \n
    How to use rmdir<\/code><\/h2>\n
    This command removes directory as well as files within the directory. There isn\u2019t significant difference with the rm -r<\/code> command except that it can not be used to remove a file.<\/p>\n
    General syntax for rmdir<\/code> command:<\/p>\n
    \r\n$ rmdir [OPTION...] [DIRECTORY...]\r\n<\/pre>\n
    1. Remove a directory<\/h3>\n
    rmdir [directory]<\/pre>\n
    Use this command to remove a directory, but it will only be removed if it is empty.<\/p>\n
    Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Suppose you have a directory named myfolder<\/code> and it\u2019s empty. When you run the command:<\/p>\n
    rmdir myfolder<\/pre>\n
    The directory myfolder<\/code> will be deleted, and there will be no output message if the operation is successful.<\/p>\n
    However, if myfolder<\/code> is not empty or does not exist, you will receive an error message. For example, if myfolder<\/code> contains files or subdirectories, you might see:<\/p>\n
    rmdir: failed to remove 'myfolder': Directory not empty<\/pre>\n
    Or if myfolder<\/code> does not exist:<\/p>\n
    rmdir: failed to remove 'myfolder': No such file or directory<\/pre>\n
    \n
    2. Delete multiple directories<\/h3>\n
    rmdir [folder1] [folder2] [folder3]<\/pre>\n
    This command allows you to delete several directories at once, but they all must be empty.<\/p>\n
    Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
    The rmdir folder1 folder2 folder3<\/code> command in Linux attempts to remove the directories named folder1<\/code>, folder2<\/code>, and folder3<\/code>. This command will only succeed if all three of these directories are empty; otherwise, an error message will be displayed.<\/p>\n
    Here\u2019s an example of how this might work:<\/p>\n
    If folder1<\/code>, folder2<\/code>, and folder3<\/code> are all empty directories, the command will remove them, and there will be no output message.<\/p>\n
    If any of these directories are not empty or do not exist, an error message will be displayed for each problematic directory.<\/p>\n
    Example of the output if folder2<\/code> is not empty:<\/p>\n
    rmdir: failed to remove 'folder2': Directory not empty\r\n<\/pre>\n
    In this case, folder1<\/code> and folder3<\/code> would still be removed if they were empty, but folder2<\/code> would remain untouched.<\/p>\n
    \n
    3. Remove parent directories <\/h3>\n
    rmdir -p [directory-path]<\/pre>\n
    The -p<\/code> option removes the specified directory and its parent directories.<\/p>\n
    Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Here\u2019s an example of how the command rmdir -p folder_a\/folder_b<\/code> would work:<\/p>\n
    Suppose you have a directory structure like this:<\/p>\n
    folder_a\r\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 folder_b\r\n<\/pre>\n
    If both folder_a<\/code> and folder_b<\/code> are empty, running the command rmdir -p folder_a\/folder_b<\/code> will remove folder_b<\/code> first, and then, since folder_a<\/code> becomes empty, it will remove folder_a<\/code> as well.<\/p>\n
    If there were any files or subdirectories inside folder_a<\/code> or folder_b<\/code>, the command would not remove them, and you would receive an error message like:<\/p>\n
    rmdir: failed to remove 'folder_a\/folder_b': Directory not empty\r\n<\/pre>\n
    In the successful case, there would be no output, and both directories would be deleted.<\/p>\n
    \n
    More Linux commands:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Directory Operations<\/td>\nrmdir<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 cd<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 pwd<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 exa<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 ls<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    File Operations<\/td>\ncat<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 cp<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 dd<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 less<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 touch<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 ln<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 rename<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 more<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 head<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    File System Operations<\/td>\nchown<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 mkfs<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 locate<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Networking<\/td>\nping<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 curl<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 wget<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 iptables<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 mtr<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Search and Text Processing<\/td>\nfind<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 grep<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 sed<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 whatis<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 ripgrep<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 fd<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 tldr<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    System Information and Management<\/td>\nenv<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 history<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 top<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 who<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 htop<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 glances<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 lsof<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    User and Session Management<\/td>\nscreen<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 su<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 sudo<\/code><\/a> \u00b7 open<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Clean up your Linux workspace effortlessly with the rm and rmdir commands.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3397],"tags":[888,3316],"topic":[],"class_list":["entry-content","is-maxi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHow to Delete Files and Folers in Linux - Hongkiat<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Clean up your Linux workspace effortlessly with the rm and rmdir commands.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/linux-command-rm-rmdir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Delete Files and Folers in Linux\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Clean up your Linux workspace effortlessly with the rm and rmdir commands.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/linux-command-rm-rmdir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Hongkiat\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/hongkiatcom\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-08-16T07:01:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-08-24T09:09:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Hongkiat.com\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@hongkiat\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@hongkiat\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Hongkiat.com\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/linux-command-rm-rmdir\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/linux-command-rm-rmdir\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Hongkiat.com\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/7cc686597d92f9086729e4bcc1577ba3\"},\"headline\":\"How to Delete Files and Folers in Linux\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-08-16T07:01:38+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-08-24T09:09:14+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/linux-command-rm-rmdir\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":882,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Linux\",\"Linux Commands\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Desktop\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/linux-command-rm-rmdir\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/linux-command-rm-rmdir\\\/\",\"name\":\"How to Delete Files and Folers in Linux - 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