{"id":40398,"date":"2017-11-13T23:01:49","date_gmt":"2017-11-13T15:01:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/?p=40398"},"modified":"2025-04-04T02:50:40","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T18:50:40","slug":"html-elements-you-dont-know","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/html-elements-you-dont-know\/","title":{"rendered":"5 HTML Elements You Might Not Know How to Use"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Familiar yet unknown, or utterly new, it happens that we <strong>miss out parts of the HTML syntax<\/strong> that might turn out to be important knowledge we can <strong>put to some good use<\/strong>. That\u2019s why whether it\u2019s the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/html-5-1-new-features\/\">new features of HTML<\/a><\/strong> or <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/cool-useful-html-tags\/\">its less known applications<\/a><\/strong> that haven\u2019t yet come into your radar, we cover them quite often on this site.<\/p>\n<p>In today\u2019s post, we\u2019ll look into five HTML elements, some of which you may frequently use, but <strong>probably not at its full potential<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"note\"><strong>Read Also:<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/new-html-features\/\" rel=\"noopener\">5 HTML Features You Might Not Know About<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>1. <code>&lt;data&gt;<\/code><\/h2>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/HTML\/Element\/data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><code>&lt;data&gt;<\/code><\/a> element <strong>has a similar function to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/better-ux-html-data-attributes\/\"><code>data-*<\/code><\/a> attributes<\/strong>. It can be used to <strong>provide machine-readable data<\/strong> for a user-friendly content. The <code>value<\/code> attribute of this element carries the added information.<\/p>\n<pre>\r\n&lt;p&gt;The three volumes of the Lord of the Rings novel are:\r\n  &lt;data value='0-345-24032-4'&gt;The Fellowship of the Ring&lt;\/data&gt;,\r\n  &lt;data value='0-345-23510-X'&gt;The Two Towers&lt;\/data&gt;, and\r\n  &lt;data value='0-345-24034-0'&gt;The Return of the King&lt;\/data&gt;.&lt;\/p&gt;\r\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;ISBNs of the books mentioned in this page:&lt;\/i&gt;\r\n  &lt;span id='ISBNListBlank'&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>In the above HTML, the <abbr title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN<\/abbr> of each book is <strong>added in the <code>value<\/code> attribute of the <code>&lt;data&gt;<\/code> element<\/strong> that encloses the book title. On the book market, ISBN is used to uniquely identify a book.<\/p>\n<pre>\r\nconst ISBNListBlank = document.querySelector('#ISBNListBlank')\r\nconst dataElements = document.querySelectorAll('data');\r\nconst ary = [];\r\ndataElements.forEach((dataElement)\r\n  =&gt; ary.push(dataElement.textContent + ' : ' + dataElement.value))\r\nISBNListBlank.textContent = ary.join(', ')\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>To roughly show you how to extract the <code>&lt;data&gt;<\/code> values in JavaScript, the above script <strong>extracts the ISBNs from the <code>&lt;data&gt;<\/code> tag<\/strong> and displays them, along with the book titles, at a designated place in the page.<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.hongkiat.com\/uploads\/html-elements-you-dont-know\/data.jpg\" alt=\"Use case for the data HTML tag\" width=\"800\" height=\"204\"><\/figure>\n<h2>2. <code>&lt;label&gt;<\/code><\/h2>\n<p>Most likely you\u2019re already familiar with the <a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/HTML\/Element\/label\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><code>&lt;label&gt;<\/code><\/a> element, however it\u2019s <strong>not just for checkboxes<\/strong>. It can <strong>control other <em>labellable<\/em> elements<\/strong> as well, performing their actions just like it performs the actions of checkboxes.<\/p>\n<p>You only have to <strong>use the same value<\/strong> for the <code>id<\/code> attribute of the HTML element you want to control and the <code>for<\/code> attribute of the belonging <code>&lt;label&gt;<\/code> tag.<\/p>\n<pre>\r\n&lt;label for='alertBtn'&gt;\r\n  Clicking on this text clicks the button below.\r\n&lt;\/label&gt;\r\n&lt;button id='alertBtn' onclick=\"javascript:alert('Hello')\"&gt;\r\n  ALERT\r\n&lt;\/button&gt;\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>Clicking the text of <code>&lt;label&gt;<\/code> will <strong>trigger the <code>click<\/code> event of <code>&lt;button&gt;<\/code><\/strong> and show the given alert message.<\/p>\n<h2>3. <code>&lt;ruby&gt;<\/code><\/h2>\n<p>This element is <strong>mostly used for East-Asian languages<\/strong>, however this isn\u201dt its only use case. The purpose of <a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/HTML\/Element\/ruby\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><code>&lt;ruby&gt;<\/code><\/a> is simply to <strong>add annotation or pronunciation for texts<\/strong>, and you can do just that with English content as well.<\/p>\n<p>The element <strong>encloses two main sub-elements<\/strong>, namely <code>&lt;rb&gt;<\/code> and <code>&lt;rt&gt;<\/code>. The <code>&lt;rb&gt;<\/code> tag holds the text you want to annotate (called the <em>base<\/em> text) and <code>&lt;rt&gt;<\/code> holds the annotation itself.<\/p>\n<pre>\r\n&lt;p&gt;A person who sets up a business or businesses, taking on financial\r\nrisks in the hope of profit, is called\r\n&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;rb&gt;entrepreneur&lt;\/rb&gt;&lt;rt&gt;\u02cc\u0252ntr\u0259pr\u0259\u02c8n\u0259\u02d0&lt;\/rt&gt;&lt;\/ruby&gt;;\r\na promoter in the entertainment industry.&lt;\/p&gt;\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>The pronunciation of the \u201centrepreneur\u201d word is added <strong>using the <code>&lt;ruby&gt;<\/code> element inside the paragraph<\/strong>. The word itself is wrapped in the <code>&lt;rb&gt;<\/code> tag and the pronunciation in <code>&lt;rt&gt;<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>This is how the output looks like:<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.hongkiat.com\/uploads\/html-elements-you-dont-know\/ruby.jpg\" alt=\"Use case for the ruby element\" width=\"800\" height=\"137\"><\/figure>\n<h2>4. <code>&lt;ol&gt;<\/code><\/h2>\n<p>The <strong><code>&lt;ol&gt;<\/code> element for ordered lists<\/strong> is another element that you may be familiar with. It creates a list that <strong>has numbered elements<\/strong>, as opposed to an unordered list created with <code>&lt;ul&gt;<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>You might have known about the ordering, but did you know that <strong>the order can be reversed<\/strong>? Instead of an incrementing order, <strong>decrementing numbering<\/strong> can also be performed by <code>&lt;ol&gt;<\/code>, <strong>using the <code>reversed<\/code> attribute<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<pre>\r\n&lt;ol reversed type=I&gt;\r\n  &lt;li&gt;Scrabble&lt;\/li&gt;\r\n  &lt;li&gt;Mahjong&lt;\/li&gt;\r\n  &lt;li&gt;Monopoly&lt;\/li&gt;\r\n  &lt;li&gt;Chess&lt;\/li&gt;\r\n  &lt;li&gt;Jenga&lt;\/li&gt;\r\n&lt;\/ol&gt;\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>The <code>reversed<\/code> attribute <strong>reverses the numbering<\/strong>, while the <code>type<\/code> attribute <strong>determines the type of numbering<\/strong>. The capital I denotes capital roman numbering.<\/p>\n<p>This is how it looks like on the screen:<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.hongkiat.com\/uploads\/html-elements-you-dont-know\/ol.jpg\" alt=\"Use case for the reversed attribute\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\"><\/figure>\n<h2>5. <code>&lt;dfn&gt;<\/code><\/h2>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/HTML\/Element\/dfn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <code>&lt;dfn&gt;<\/code><\/a> element is meant to <strong>wrap a term that is defined by its surrounding text<\/strong>. The text enclosed by the <code>&lt;dfn&gt;<\/code> tag is <strong>styled by browsers with italics<\/strong>, meaning this is the term being defined.<\/p>\n<p>You can add the definition of the term inside <code>&lt;dfn&gt;<\/code> in the value of its <code>title<\/code> attribute, which is useful to <strong>define words that aren\u2019t necessarily defined by their surrounding text<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The <code>&lt;dfn&gt;<\/code> element <strong>works similarly to <code>&lt;abbr&gt;<\/code><\/strong> which displays the meaning of an abbreviation given in its <code>title<\/code> attribute when the user hovers over the element.<\/p>\n<pre>\r\n&lt;p&gt;There's a\r\n&lt;dfn title='a division or contrast between two things\r\nthat are or are represented as being opposed or entirely different'&gt;\r\n  dichotomy\r\n&lt;\/dfn&gt;\r\nbetween the design and the prototype.&lt;\/p&gt;\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>This is its <strong>default browser styling<\/strong>, however on a production site, you may want to use a different style:<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.hongkiat.com\/uploads\/html-elements-you-dont-know\/dfn.jpg\" alt=\"Use case for the dfn HTML tag\" width=\"800\" height=\"166\"><\/figure>\n<p>Taking the cursor over the defined word, the page will <strong>show the definition added in the <code>title<\/code> attribute<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"note\"><strong>Read Also:<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/html-5-semantics\/\" rel=\"noopener\">A Look Into Proper HTML5 Semantics<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Familiar yet unknown, or utterly new, it happens that we miss out parts of the HTML syntax that might turn out to be important knowledge we can put to some good use. That\u2019s why whether it\u2019s the new features of HTML or its less known applications that haven\u2019t yet come into your radar, we cover&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3392],"tags":[506,511],"topic":[4520],"class_list":["entry-content","is-maxi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>5 HTML Elements You Probably Don&#039;t Know<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Familiar yet unknown, or utterly new, it happens that we miss out parts of the HTML syntax that might turn out to be important knowledge we can put to\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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