{"id":24932,"date":"2015-10-20T21:01:13","date_gmt":"2015-10-20T13:01:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/?p=24932"},"modified":"2021-04-15T17:14:30","modified_gmt":"2021-04-15T09:14:30","slug":"generic-tlds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/generic-tlds\/","title":{"rendered":"Generic TLDs and How They Are Changing The Internet"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>If you are an attentive web user, lately you could see new kind of domains here and there, such as <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.jobs\/en-gb\/\">.<em>jobs<\/em><\/a>, .<em>photo<\/em>, .<em>cafe<\/em>, .<em>xyz<\/em>, and many others. The first set of the new domain extensions <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/newgtlds.icann.org\/en\/about\/program\">were released<\/a> in 2013 by <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.icann.org\/en\/\">ICANN<\/a>, the non-profit organization responsible for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/organisations-that-run-the-internet\/\" rel=\"noopener\">global coordination of domain names<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ref-block ref-block--post\" id=\"ref-post-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/country-code-top-level-domains\/\" class=\"ref-block__link\" title=\"Read More: A Guide to Owning Code Top Level Domains (CcTLD)\" rel=\"bookmark\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">A Guide to Owning Code Top Level Domains (CcTLD)<\/span><\/a>\n<div class=\"ref-block__thumbnail img-thumb img-thumb--jumbo\" data-img='{ \"src\" : \"https:\/\/assets.hongkiat.com\/uploads\/thumbs\/250x160\/country-code-top-level-domains.jpg\" }'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<noscript>\n<style>.no-js #ref-block-post-16383 .ref-block__thumbnail { background-image: url(\"https:\/\/assets.hongkiat.com\/uploads\/thumbs\/250x160\/country-code-top-level-domains.jpg\"); }<\/style>\n<\/noscript>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"ref-block__summary\">\n<h4 class=\"ref-title\">A Guide to Owning Code Top Level Domains (CcTLD)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"ref-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tNever heard about the Country Code Top Level Domain (ccTLD) before? While you may not know the name,...\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Read more<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>In this post we will trace why these new domain names have been introduced, how they change the web, and if it\u2019s worth to purchase them for our websites.<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.hongkiat.com\/uploads\/generic-tlds\/new-gtlds.jpg\" alt=\"New gTLDs\" width=\"700\" height=\"587\"><\/figure>\n<h2>Lingo of Top-Level Domains<\/h2>\n<p>First of all, let\u2019s quickly familiarize ourselves with the lingo of top-level domains. In IANA\u2019s <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iana.org\/domains\/root\/db\">Root Zone Database<\/a> you can take a peek at the top-level domain extensions that are currently in use.<\/p>\n<p>The three main types are:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Country-Code Top Level Domains (ccTLD)<\/strong> that are bound to certain countries such as <em>.uk<\/em> for the United Kingdom, or<em> .in<\/em> for India. We wrote about ccTLDs <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/country-code-top-level-domains\/\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a> in detail.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Generic Top Level Domains (gTLD)<\/strong> for general purposes, such as .<em>com<\/em>, .<em>info<\/em>, .<em>net<\/em> and .<em>org<\/em>. Since 2013 many new gTLDs have been introduced, see some of them in the first image in this post.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sponsored Top Level Domains (sTLD)<\/strong> for domains representing specific professional organizations, such as .<em>edu<\/em> for post-secondary institutions in the United States, .<em>mil<\/em> for US military websites, or .<em>gov<\/em> for the US Government. Registrars need to prove their eligibility if they want an sTLD, it\u2019s not for the generic public.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>gTLDs vs. ccTLDs<\/h2>\n<p>As we can\u2019t choose a Sponsored Top Level Domain for our sites, we need to settle for to the two other types, ccTLDs and gTLDs. At first, the rule seems to be pretty easy here.<\/p>\n<p>If we want to serve a local community bound to a country we can opt for a Country-Code Top Level Domain, while if we intend to target a global audience we can purchase a Generic TLD. Oh wait. I\u2019ve almost forgotten a popular subtype of new, recently released gTLDs, namely <strong>Geographic Top Level Domains (GeoTLDs)<\/strong>, such as .<em>scot<\/em>, .<em>london<\/em>, or .madrid<em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>At first, it may appear to be weird that GeoTLDs that usually represent smaller geographical areas are counted as Generic Top Level Domains, but it seems ICANN <strong>drops everything that is available to the public but not related to a country<\/strong> into this category.<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.hongkiat.com\/uploads\/generic-tlds\/dotlondon-domain.jpg\" alt=\"Dot London Domains\" width=\"700\" height=\"418\"><\/figure>\n<h2>Popularity Of The New gTLDs<\/h2>\n<p>According to <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/ntldstats.com\/\">nTLDStats<\/a> currently there are <strong>more than 8.3 million new gTLDs registered<\/strong>, although the <strong>65.95% of them are parked domains<\/strong>, that means they\u2019re currently without content.<\/p>\n<p>There can be two main reasons for this: either brands bought the new domains for later use, or people who want to make money by selling these domains purchased them early. Both cases indicate that <strong>the majority of registrars has taken a waiting stance<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Registrars currently can choose from <strong>769 new gTLDs,<\/strong> but there are still <strong>more than 2000 on the waiting list<\/strong>. In the Top 10 list there are .<em>xyz<\/em>, .<em>top<\/em>, .<em>club<\/em>, .<em>win<\/em>, .<em>party<\/em>, .<em>top<\/em>, and two Chinese domain extensions: .\u201dwang\u201d for the word \u201csite\u201d in Chinese, and .<em>wang<\/em> for the word \u201cking\".<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.hongkiat.com\/uploads\/generic-tlds\/new-gtld-summary.jpg\" alt=\"New gTLD Summary\" width=\"700\" height=\"254\"><\/figure>\n<h2>Globalization, Regionalization, Urbanization<\/h2>\n<p>The expansion of the new Generic Top Level Domains is not only a question of technology, but also <strong>tells a lot about the society we live in<\/strong>, and the businesses we run. There are many websites that target either a global audience, or a local community much smaller than a country.<\/p>\n<p>Country Code Top Level Domains can be still useful for many, but they don\u2019t necessarily the best fit for others. Here I don\u2019t just talk about global sites like Facebook.com or Twitter.com (remember, these are also generic TLDs) or local communities (see GeoTLDs), but also about <strong>websites that target niche markets<\/strong> rather than physical locations, such as .<em>photography<\/em>, .<em>jobs<\/em>, or .<em>pub<\/em>.<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.hongkiat.com\/uploads\/generic-tlds\/globalization.jpg\" alt=\"Globalization\" width=\"700\" height=\"467\"><\/figure>\n<h2>Scarcity vs. Unfamiliarity<\/h2>\n<p>Have you recently tried to find a decent dotcom domain for a new site? In most cases it\u2019s a daunting task, as it may seem that all of them were taken a long ago.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, dotcom sites have been out there for so long that many <strong>web users tend to automatically add the .com extension<\/strong> when they want to reach an online location.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Scarcity of the old gTLDs<\/strong> stands against the <strong>unfamiliarity of the new gTLDs<\/strong>, and we can just guess which one will win.<\/p>\n<p>If we approach the problem from a mathematical point of view, an expansive system like the World Wide Web needs expansive resources, and the area that traditional gTLDs covers will hardly grow.<\/p>\n<p>If we want a good analogy, something similar happened to telephone numbers about a century ago. Can we imagine these days a phone number that consists of only four digits?<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.hongkiat.com\/uploads\/generic-tlds\/old-phone.jpg\" alt=\"Old Phone\" width=\"700\" height=\"475\"><\/figure>\n<h2>New gTLDs and Semantics<\/h2>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/html-5-semantics\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Semantics<\/a> is an important aspect of the modern web, so the <strong>question of whether the new gTLDs contribute to proper semantics <\/strong>naturally arises. In a broader context semantics is the study of meaning, while if we narrow the scope to the arena of web development, semantics studies if common technologies such as browsers or search engine bots can understand the meaning of the content.<\/p>\n<p>From the aspect of <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/moz.com\/blog\/an-seos-guide-to-acquiring-new-gtlds\">search engine optimization <\/a>, the new gTLDs won\u2019t make any difference, as Matt Cutts, Google\u2019s de facto spokesperson for SEO questions clearly stated that \u201cGoogle will attempt to rank new TLDs appropriately, but I <strong>don\u2019t expect a new TLD to get any kind of initial preference over .com<\/strong>, and I wouldn\u2019t bet on that happening in the long-term either\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>As choosing the right domain name is <strong>not only a technical but a business question too<\/strong>, it\u2019s also worth to consider if <strong>actual users can better memorize the new gTLD extensions<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Domain extensions related to a <strong>local area<\/strong>, a <strong>niche market<\/strong>, or a <strong>certain profession<\/strong> probably <strong>won\u2019t be harder to remember<\/strong> than semantic domain hacks of Country Code Top Level Domains such as <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.last.fm\/\">Last.fm<\/a> or <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/about.me\/\">About.me<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>At first glance, we may think that the new gTLDs are less semantic from the point of view of ownership, since in the good old days we could have known that <strong>behind .<em>com<\/em> <\/strong>domains there usually stood<strong> commercial entities,<\/strong> while the .<em>org<\/em> extensions were chosen by <strong>non-profit organizations<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>This could be true, but as there haven\u2019t been any restrictions for registrars, the old gTLDs have already been misused in <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/domains.dan.info\/hall\/shame.html\">many cases<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>When a New gTLD Sucks or Fails<\/h2>\n<p>The new gTLDs can be excellent if we want to use our creativity, as there are really funny ones among them. For example we can register a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.get.sucks\/\">.<em>sucks<\/em><\/a> or a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/cp.enom.com\/domains\/fail-domain-registration\">.<em>fail<\/em><\/a> domain, if we want to <strong>practice our right to civil criticism in a less serious way<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>This may not be the best news for people out in the public eye such as politicians, and the .<em>sucks<\/em> domain extension has caused <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/rogerkay\/2015\/06\/29\/saga-of-sucks-domain-generates-laughter-agony\/\">some worries<\/a> indeed, but ICANN still left it on the list of approved gTLDs.<\/p>\n<p>Will these domains easily stick in the minds of web users? You bet it will.<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.hongkiat.com\/uploads\/generic-tlds\/new-sucks-domain.jpg\" alt=\"The New .sucks Domain Extension\" width=\"700\" height=\"389\"><\/figure>\n<h2>Now Read:\n  <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/country-code-top-level-domains\/\" onclick=\"_gaq.push(['_trackEvent', 'readmore', 'internal', 'generic-tlds']);\" rel=\"noopener\">Ultimate Guide to Owning Code Top Level Domains (CcTLD)<\/a><\/h2>\n<figure><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/country-code-top-level-domains\/\" onclick=\"_gaq.push(['_trackEvent', 'readmore', 'internal', 'generic-tlds']);\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.hongkiat.com\/uploads\/country-code-top-level-domains\/country-codes-of-the-world.jpg\" width=\"500\" height=\"261\"><\/a><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you are an attentive web user, lately you could see new kind of domains here and there, such as .jobs, .photo, .cafe, .xyz, and many others. The first set of the new domain extensions were released in 2013 by ICANN, the non-profit organization responsible for the global coordination of domain names. In this post&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":146,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3400],"tags":[266],"topic":[4521],"class_list":["entry-content","is-maxi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Generic TLDs and How They Are Changing The Internet - Hongkiat<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"If you are an attentive web user, lately you could see new kind of domains here and there, such as .jobs, .photo, .cafe, .xyz, and many others. The first\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/generic-tlds\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Generic TLDs and How They Are Changing The Internet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"If you are an attentive web user, lately you could see new kind of domains here and there, such as .jobs, .photo, .cafe, .xyz, and many others. The first\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/generic-tlds\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Hongkiat\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/hongkiatcom\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-10-20T13:01:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-04-15T09:14:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/assets.hongkiat.com\/uploads\/generic-tlds\/new-gtlds.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Anna Monus\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@hongkiat\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@hongkiat\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Anna Monus\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/generic-tlds\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/generic-tlds\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Anna Monus\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a601053a0ab457901e00cdc83bd5359e\"},\"headline\":\"Generic TLDs and How They Are Changing The Internet\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-10-20T13:01:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-04-15T09:14:30+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/generic-tlds\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1169,\"commentCount\":6,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/generic-tlds\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/assets.hongkiat.com\\\/uploads\\\/generic-tlds\\\/new-gtlds.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Domain Name\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Hosting\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/generic-tlds\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/generic-tlds\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/generic-tlds\\\/\",\"name\":\"Generic TLDs and How They Are Changing The Internet - Hongkiat\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/generic-tlds\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.hongkiat.com\\\/blog\\\/generic-tlds\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/assets.hongkiat.com\\\/uploads\\\/generic-tlds\\\/new-gtlds.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-10-20T13:01:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-04-15T09:14:30+00:00\",\"description\":\"If you are an attentive web user, lately you could see new kind of domains here and there, such as .jobs, .photo, .cafe, .xyz, and many others. 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