{"id":16634,"date":"2013-03-11T18:20:16","date_gmt":"2013-03-11T10:20:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/?p=16634"},"modified":"2025-04-04T01:30:14","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T17:30:14","slug":"css-masking","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/css-masking\/","title":{"rendered":"Mastering Clipping and Masking Techniques with CSS"},"content":{"rendered":"

Masking in image editing is a method of \u201chiding\u201d a portion of an object based on another object. This method has long been available in image editors like Photoshop. A similar method can also be achieved in CSS using specific properties.<\/p>\n

Before we proceed, let\u2019s first take a look at how this effect is done in Photoshop, and then we\u2019ll explore how to replicate a similar effect with CSS.<\/p>\n

<\/i> View Demo <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

In Photoshop<\/h2>\n

In Photoshop, at least two objects are required for masking. After that, simply hold the Alt (Win)<\/strong> or Option (Mac)<\/strong> key and position the mouse pointer between the layers of these two objects (see screenshot).<\/p>\n

\"Photoshop<\/figure>\n

In this example, a circle is clipped into a rectangle.<\/p>\n

\"Example<\/figure>\n

Masking can also be applied to other types of layers. In this example, an image is masked to text.<\/p>\n

\"Text<\/figure>\n

So, can we apply similar techniques on the web? The answer is yes. Let\u2019s see how it\u2019s done.<\/p>\n

In CSS<\/h2>\n

There are several CSS properties we can use to recreate similar effects on the web, such as overflow<\/code>, clip<\/code>, and the new CSS3 property background-clip<\/code>.<\/p>\n

Overflow<\/h3>\n

The overflow<\/code> property defines the area that exceeds the CSS box model. In the following example, we recreate the first Photoshop example.<\/p>\n

In the HTML markup, we will have two div<\/code> elements to form the circle and the rectangle. The circle\u2019s div<\/code> is nested inside the rectangle\u2019s div<\/code> like so:<\/p>\n

\r\n<div class=\"rect\">\r\n    <div class=\"circle\"><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/pre>\n
Next, we style the elements and position the circle slightly out of the rectangle to the right.<\/p>\n
\r\n.rect {\r\n    width: 200px;\r\n    height: 200px;\r\n    background-color: #eaeaea;\r\n}\r\n.circle {\r\n    width: 200px;\r\n    height: 200px;\r\n    border-radius: 100px;\r\n    background-color: #601785;\r\n    position: relative;\r\n    left: 100px;\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
At this point, we achieve the following result:<\/p>\n
\"Initial<\/figure>\n
Now, to hide the part that exceeds the rectangle area, simply declare the overflow<\/code> property as hidden on the rectangle like so:<\/p>\n
\r\n.rect {\r\n    width: 200px;\r\n    height: 200px;\r\n    background-color: #eaeaea;\r\n    overflow: hidden;\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
And there we have it; the result is the same as the Photoshop method.<\/p>\n
\"Final<\/figure>\n
Clip<\/h3>\n
Another method is using the clip<\/code> property. This property has been around since CSS2, so it is supported by older browsers. By using clip<\/code>, we won\u2019t need the rectangle div<\/code>. Instead, our markup will just be the circle, as shown below:<\/p>\n
\r\n<div class=\"circle\"><\/div>\r\n<\/pre>\n
With the same style, we form this div<\/code> into a circle. Then, we use the clip<\/code> property to hide half of this circle. The clip<\/code> property supports the rect()<\/code> function, which contains four values defining the rectangle\u2019s coordinates as rect(top, right, bottom, left)<\/code>.<\/p>\n
Lastly, for the clip<\/code> property to work in hiding the element, we need to set the element\u2019s position to absolute<\/code>.<\/p>\n
\r\n.circle {\r\n    width: 200px;\r\n    height: 200px;\r\n    border-radius: 100px;\r\n    background-color: #601785;\r\n    position: absolute;\r\n    left: 100px;\r\n    clip: rect(0px,100px,200px,0px);\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
This code will result in the following. Unfortunately, since we define the rectangle through the rect()<\/code> function, we cannot add a background color to it, but the concept of masking elements is still there.<\/p>\n
\"Result<\/figure>\n
Background Clip<\/h3>\n
CSS3 introduced a new property called background-clip<\/code>, which determines the background painting area. This property allows us to limit where the background will be applied.<\/p>\n
The full syntax of this property is: background-clip: border-box|padding-box|content-box;<\/code>.<\/p>\n
WebKit browsers have extended this property by adding the text<\/code> value, making it possible to use text for masking. In the following example, we will recreate the second masking effect from our Photoshop example. First, we add the text like so:<\/p>\n
\r\n<h1>Galaxy<\/h1>\r\n<\/pre>\n
Next, in the stylesheet, we add a background-image<\/code> to the text and declare the background-clip<\/code> property. To make the background visible, we also decrease the text color\u2019s opacity using RGBA color mode.<\/p>\n
\r\nh1 {\r\n    font-family: Arial;\r\n    font-size: 5em;\r\n    text-align: center;\r\n    \r\n    background-image: url(Galaxy.jpg);\r\n    \r\n    -webkit-background-clip: text;\r\n    background-clip: text;\r\n    \r\n    color: rgba(0,0,0,0);\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
This code will produce the following effect for the text.<\/p>\n
\"Text<\/figure>\n
<\/i>  View Demo <\/span><\/a>\n<\/i>  Download Source <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n
Final Thoughts<\/h2>\n
In this post, we have covered three different approaches to masking objects on the web. There is no one best way; it depends on the purpose. Have you tried these properties on your website? Do you have other tips for achieving similar effects? Share your thoughts in the comment box below.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Masking in image editing is a method of \u201chiding\u201d a portion of an object based on another object. This method has long been available in image editors like Photoshop. A similar method can also be achieved in CSS using specific properties. Before we proceed, let\u2019s first take a look at how this effect is done…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":113,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3392,352],"tags":[507],"topic":[4520],"class_list":["entry-content","is-maxi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nClipping and Masking With CSS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Masking in image editing is a method of "hiding" a portion of an object based on another object. 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