{"id":15409,"date":"2012-11-09T21:01:31","date_gmt":"2012-11-09T13:01:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/?p=15409"},"modified":"2025-04-04T01:14:16","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T17:14:16","slug":"saas-compass","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/saas-compass\/","title":{"rendered":"Maximize Your CSS with Compass and Sass"},"content":{"rendered":"

In our last post<\/a>, we mentioned Compass<\/a>, an open-source CSS Authoring Framework<\/strong> that enhances your workflow.<\/p>\n

Compass is a powerful extension for Sass, much like the LESS Element<\/a> for LESS<\/a>. It offers a robust collection of ready-to-use CSS3 Mixins and additional tools that make it an indispensable companion for Sass<\/a>. Let\u2019s explore its capabilities.<\/p>\n

How to Install Compass<\/h2>\n

Compass, like Sass<\/a>, needs to be installed on your system<\/strong>. However, if you are using an application like Scout App<\/a> or Compass.app<\/a>, this step is not required.<\/p>\n

If you\u2019re not using these applications, you can install Compass manually via the Terminal\/Command Prompt<\/strong> by entering the following commands:<\/p>\n

On Mac\/Linux Terminal<\/strong><\/p>\n

\r\nsudo gem install compass\r\n<\/pre>\n
On Windows Command Prompt<\/strong><\/p>\n
\r\ngem install compass\r\n<\/pre>\n
After a successful installation, you\u2019ll receive a notification like the one shown below:<\/p>\n
\"Successful<\/figure>\n
Next, navigate to your working directory and run the following command to initialize a Compass project<\/strong>:<\/p>\n
\r\ncompass init\r\n<\/pre>\n
\"Running<\/figure>\n
Further Reading<\/strong>: Compass Command Line Documentation<\/a><\/p>\n
Configuring Compass<\/h2>\n
After running the compass init<\/code> command, a file named config.rb<\/code> will be created in your working directory. This file is used to configure the project\u2019s output settings, such as preferred directory names.<\/p>\n
\r\nhttp_path = \"\/\"\r\ncss_dir = \"css\"\r\nsass_dir = \"scss\"\r\nimages_dir = \"img\"\r\njavascripts_dir = \"js\"\r\n<\/pre>\n
Remove any comment lines generated by Compass, and set line_comments<\/code> to false<\/code> if you don\u2019t want them included in the output CSS.<\/p>\n
\r\nline_comments = false\r\n<\/pre>\n
You can also choose the CSS output style from four options: :expanded<\/code>, :compact<\/code>, :compressed<\/code>, and :nested<\/code>. For development, it\u2019s usually best to keep it :expanded<\/code>.<\/p>\n
\r\noutput_style = :expanded\r\n<\/pre>\n
These configurations should suffice for most projects. For more options, refer to the Compass Configuration Reference<\/a>.<\/p>\n
Finally, to monitor changes in your files, use the following command:<\/p>\n
\r\ncompass watch\r\n<\/pre>\n
\"Compass<\/figure>\n
This command works similarly to Sass\u2019s watch<\/code> command, tracking changes and updating the CSS files accordingly. Make sure to run this command after configuring your project in config.rb<\/code> to ensure all changes are recognized.<\/p>\n
Leveraging CSS3 Mixins<\/h2>\n
Before diving into CSS3, import Compass into your main .scss<\/code> file with the following line:<\/p>\n
\r\n@import \"compass\";\r\n<\/pre>\n
This imports all of Compass\u2019s extensions. However, if you only need the CSS3 mixins, you can specifically import them with:<\/p>\n
\r\n@import \"compass\/css3\";\r\n<\/pre>\n
Further Reading<\/strong>: Compass CSS3<\/a><\/p>\n
Now, let\u2019s create something with Sass and Compass. Start with a simple HTML document:<\/p>\n
\r\n<section>\r\n    <div><\/div>\r\n<\/section>\r\n<\/pre>\n
We will create a rotated box with rounded corners using the following Sass code:<\/p>\n
\r\nbody {\r\n    background-color: #f3f3f3;\r\n}\r\n\r\nsection {\r\n    width: 500px;\r\n    margin: 50px auto 0;\r\n\r\n    div {\r\n        width: 250px;\r\n        height: 250px;\r\n        background-color: #ccc;\r\n        margin: 0 auto;\r\n        @include border-radius;\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
The border-radius<\/code> mixin generates all the necessary browser prefixes. By default, it sets the corner radius to 5px<\/code>, but you can customize the radius like this: @include border-radius(10px);<\/code>.<\/p>\n
\r\nsection div {\r\n    width: 250px;\r\n    height: 250px;\r\n    background-color: #ccc;\r\n    margin: 0 auto;\r\n    -webkit-border-radius: 10px;\r\n    -moz-border-radius: 10px;\r\n    -ms-border-radius: 10px;\r\n    -o-border-radius: 10px;\r\n    border-radius: 10px;\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
Next, let\u2019s rotate the box. With Compass, this is easy; just call the transformation method like this:<\/p>\n
\r\nbody {\r\n    background-color: #f3f3f3;\r\n}\r\nsection {\r\n    width: 500px;\r\n    margin: 50px auto 0;\r\n\r\n    div {\r\n        width: 250px;\r\n        height: 250px;\r\n        background-color: #ccc;\r\n        margin: 0 auto;\r\n        @include border-radius(10px);\r\n        @include rotate;\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
This mixin automatically generates the vendor prefixes needed for rotation, which defaults to 45 degrees. Here\u2019s the generated CSS:<\/p>\n
\r\nsection div {\r\n    width: 250px;\r\n    height: 250px;\r\n    background-color: #ccc;\r\n    margin: 0 auto;\r\n    -webkit-border-radius: 10px;\r\n    -moz-border-radius: 10px;\r\n    -ms-border-radius: 10px;\r\n    -o-border-radius: 10px;\r\n    border-radius: 10px;\r\n    -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);\r\n    -moz-transform: rotate(45deg);\r\n    -ms-transform: rotate(45deg);\r\n    -o-transform: rotate(45deg);\r\n    transform: rotate(45deg);\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
Explore Compass Helpers<\/h2>\n
One of the standout features of Compass is its Helpers<\/a>. These functions extend the capabilities of Sass functions<\/a>. Let\u2019s explore some practical examples.<\/p>\n
Adding @Font-face Files<\/h3>\n
Here, we\u2019ll add a custom font family<\/a> using the @font-face<\/code> rule. In plain CSS3<\/a>, the code would look like this, including four different font types:<\/p>\n
\r\n@font-face {\r\n    font-family: \"MyFont\";\r\n    src: url('\/fonts\/font.ttf') format('truetype'),\r\n         url('\/fonts\/font.otf') format('opentype'),\r\n         url('\/fonts\/font.woff') format('woff'),\r\n         url('\/fonts\/font.eot') format('embedded-opentype');\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
With Compass<\/strong>, the same result is achieved more easily using the font-files()<\/code> helper<\/a>:<\/p>\n
\r\n@include font-face(\"MyFont\", font-files(\"font.ttf\", \"font.otf\", \"font.woff\", \"font.eot\"));\r\n<\/pre>\n
This code generates the same output as the manual method, automatically detecting the font type and adding it to the format()<\/code> syntax.<\/p>\n
You may notice that the font path (\/fonts\/<\/code>) is not specified. Compass derives this path from the config.rb<\/code> file using the fonts_path<\/code> property:<\/p>\n
\r\nfonts_dir = \"fonts\"\r\n<\/pre>\n
If you change it to fonts_dir = \"myfonts\"<\/code>, the generated code will be url('\/myfonts\/font.ttf')<\/code>. By default, Compass points to stylesheets\/fonts<\/code> if no path is specified.<\/p>\n
Adding Images<\/h3>\n
Now, let\u2019s look at adding images. Typically, you would use the background-image<\/code> property like this:<\/p>\n
\r\ndiv {\r\n    background-image: url('\/img\/the-image.png');\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
With Compass, you can replace the url()<\/code> function with the image-url()<\/code> helper<\/a>, allowing Compass to manage the path for you.<\/p>\n
\r\ndiv {\r\n    background-image: image-url(the-image.png);\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
Compass also offers Image Dimension Helpers<\/a>, which can automatically detect an image\u2019s width and height. If you need to specify these dimensions in your CSS, you can do so as follows:<\/p>\n
\r\ndiv {\r\n    background-image: image-url(\"images.png\");\r\n    width: image-width(\"images.png\");\r\n    height: image-height(\"images.png\"); \r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
The generated output will look like this:<\/p>\n
\r\ndiv {\r\n    background-image: url('\/img\/images.png?1344774650');\r\n    width: 80px;\r\n    height: 80px;\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
Further Reading<\/strong>: Compass Helper Functions<\/a><\/p>\n
Final Thoughts<\/h2>\n
We\u2019ve covered a lot about Compass today, and as you can see, it\u2019s an incredibly powerful tool that allows us to write CSS more elegantly and efficiently.<\/p>\n
While Sass is a fantastic CSS preprocessor<\/strong>, it\u2019s not the only one available. LESS is another option, which we\u2019ve also discussed extensively<\/a>. In our next post, we\u2019ll compare Sass and LESS to determine which one offers the best features for preprocessing CSS.<\/p>\n
<\/i>  Download Source <\/span><\/a> <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
In our last post, we mentioned Compass, an open-source CSS Authoring Framework that enhances your workflow. Compass is a powerful extension for Sass, much like the LESS Element for LESS. It offers a robust collection of ready-to-use CSS3 Mixins and additional tools that make it an indispensable companion for Sass. Let\u2019s explore its capabilities. How…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":113,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3392,352],"tags":[507,2190],"topic":[4520],"class_list":["entry-content","is-maxi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMaximize Your CSS with Compass and Sass - Hongkiat<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In our last post, we mentioned Compass, an open-source CSS Authoring Framework that enhances your workflow. 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